fumaric acid
Basic Information
| Field | Content |
|---|---|
| Chinese name | fumaric acid |
| English name | fumaric acid |
| INS/E number | INS 297 |
| Functional class | Acidity regulator |
| Year adopted | 1967 |
| Approved by | Australia/New Zealand (FSANZ), European Union (EFSA) |
What is it?
Fumaric acid (trans-butenedioic acid) is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid with strong acidity and heat stability, used as an acidulant and acidifying agent.
Source
Industrial：由顺丁烯二酸经异构化制得，或由糖类发酵制得
Why is it used?
- Provides strong sourness and adjusts acidity
- Heat-stable, suitable for high-temperature baking
- Extends product shelf life
- Used in beverages, bakery and confectionery
Common Foods
- Beverages
- Bakery products
- Confectionery
- Jams
- Powdered seasonings
Safety
ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake)：not specified (GMP)
Concerns：
- 溶解度较低，高浓度有刺激性
- 过量影响口感
Usage Standard
China：GB 2760《食品安全国家标准 食品添加剂使用标准》
International：
- EU Regulation 1333/2008 Annex II (E 297)
- FDA 21 CFR 184.1185 (Fumaric acid, GRAS)
- Codex GSFA (INS 297)
- Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code (Fumaric acid)
- JECFA Monograph (ADI not specified)
In a nutshell
Fumaric acid is a heat-stable, strongly acidic organic acid used for acidification and preservation, safely metabolised.
Consumer Advice
Fumaric acid is an organic acid found naturally in plants and is an intermediate in the body's energy metabolism (the citric acid cycle). It is used as an acidity regulator in drinks, baked goods and jellies, providing a stronger sourness than citric acid. Its safety is recognised by international bodies, and it is harmless at authorised levels. Most people can consume it with confidence.
Dietary Restrictions
- Vegan: ✅
- Halal: ✅
- Kosher: ✅
Allergens
✅ Free from common allergens
Disclaimer
The information provided here is for discussion and educational purposes only. It is not medical advice or an evaluation/rating of any product or ingredient. This information may not apply to you; before using or taking any action, you should contact the manufacturer, vendor, medical, dietary, fitness, or other professionals. If you use any information provided here, you do so at your own risk.