heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate
Basic Information
| Field | Content |
|---|---|
| Chinese name | heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate |
| English name | heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate |
| INS/E number | INS 209 |
| Functional class | Preservative |
| Year adopted | To be added. |
| Approved by | To be added. |
What is it?
Heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate (INS 209) is the heptyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, a paraben-type preservative with strong lipophilicity, used against moulds, yeasts and some bacteria.
Source
Industrial：对羟基苯甲酸与庚醇酯化、精制制得食品级防腐剂
Why is it used?
- Inhibits moulds, yeasts and some bacteria
- Lipophilic, suited to high-fat foods
- Synergistic with shorter-chain parabens
- Extends shelf life
- Stable from acidic to neutral pH
Common Foods
- High-fat seasonings
- Sauces
- Beverages
- Confectionery
- Some bakery and dairy products
Safety
ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake)：0-10 mg/kg bw (as p-hydroxybenzoic acid, total parabens)
Concerns：
- 潜在内分泌干扰争议
- 部分法域限制或禁用尼泊金酯
- 酯链越长亲水性越差
Usage Standard
China：GB 2760（按具体批准品种管理）
International：
- EU Regulation 1333/2008 (E 209, 部分尼泊金酯受限)
- FDA 未普遍批准该庚酯为食品防腐剂
- Codex GSFA (INS 209)
- FSANZ Food Standards Code (Heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 209)
- 日本等部分国家允许使用
In a nutshell
Heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate is a lipophilic paraben preservative that is effective but debated over endocrine effects and regionally restricted.
Consumer Advice
Heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate is a paraben-type preservative historically used to prevent beer spoilage. It has never been authorised for food use in the EU and is not on China's GB 2760 permitted list. Compliant foods therefore should not contain it. If a food claims to use this ingredient, treat the claim with caution and verify it with the manufacturer.
Dietary Restrictions
- Vegan: ✅
- Halal: ✅
- Kosher: ✅
Allergens
✅ Free from common allergens
Disclaimer
The information provided here is for discussion and educational purposes only. It is not medical advice or an evaluation/rating of any product or ingredient. This information may not apply to you; before using or taking any action, you should contact the manufacturer, vendor, medical, dietary, fitness, or other professionals. If you use any information provided here, you do so at your own risk.