carotenes
Basic Information
| Field | Content |
|---|---|
| Chinese name | carotenes |
| English name | carotenes |
| INS/E number | INS 160a |
| Functional class | Colour |
| Year adopted | 1966 |
| Approved by | Australia/New Zealand (FSANZ), European Union (EFSA) |
What is it?
Carotenes (INS 160a) are natural orange-red pigments widespread in plants and animals, mainly α-, β-, γ-carotene, acting as colours and vitamin A precursors.
Source
Natural：胡萝卜、藻类、真菌或化学合成前体
Why is it used?
- Provides yellow to orange-red colour
- Acts as a vitamin A precursor (fortification)
- Used in margarine, beverages and confectionery
Common Foods
- Margarine
- Beverages
- Confectionery
- Dairy products
- Bakery products
- Dietary supplements
Safety
作为天然营养素来源，在规定用量内总体安全；过量摄入可使皮肤暂时性黄染（无害）。
ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake)：0-5 mg/kg bw (β-胡萝卜素, JECFA)
Concerns：
- 过量致皮肤黄染（胡萝卜素血症，无害）
Usage Standard
China：GB 2760（β-胡萝卜素）
International：
- EU 1333/2008 Annex II (E 160a)
- FDA 21 CFR 73.95 (β-carotene)
- Codex GSFA (INS 160a)
- FSANZ (160a)
In a nutshell
Carotenes are natural orange-red pigments and vitamin A precursors.
Consumer Advice
Carotenes are naturally occurring yellow-orange pigments and precursors of vitamin A, used in food as colorants and nutrient fortifiers in margarine, drinks, cheese, and baked goods. They are safe within approved limits and beneficial in moderation; consuming very large amounts may temporarily tint the skin orange (carotenemia), which resolves after reducing intake.
Dietary Restrictions
- Vegan: ✅
- Halal: ✅
- Kosher: ✅
Allergens
✅ Free from common allergens
Disclaimer
The information provided here is for discussion and educational purposes only. It is not medical advice or an evaluation/rating of any product or ingredient. This information may not apply to you; before using or taking any action, you should contact the manufacturer, vendor, medical, dietary, fitness, or other professionals. If you use any information provided here, you do so at your own risk.