Food Additives Encyclopedia

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malic acid ​

Basic Information ​

FieldContent
Chinese namemalic acid
English namemalic acid
INS/E numberINS 296
Functional classAcidity regulator, Sequestrant
Year adopted1967
Approved byAustralia/New Zealand (FSANZ), European Union (EFSA)

What is it? ​

Malic acid (DL-malic acid) is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid with a clean sour taste, used as an acidulant and flavouring agent.

Source ​

Industrial：由顺丁烯二酸催化水合制得，或由糖类发酵制得

Why is it used? ​

  • Adjusts food acidity (acidulant)
  • Provides a mild fruity sourness
  • Enhances flavour and mouthfeel
  • Used in beverages, confectionery and jams

Common Foods ​

  • Beverages
  • Confectionery and chewing gum
  • Jams and jellies
  • Bakery products
  • Dairy products

Safety ​

ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake)：not specified (GMP)

Concerns：

  • 高浓度有刺激性
  • 过量影响口感

Usage Standard ​

China：GB 2760《食品安全国家标准 食品添加剂使用标准》

International：

  • EU Regulation 1333/2008 Annex II (E 296)
  • FDA 21 CFR 184.1069 (Malic acid, GRAS)
  • Codex GSFA (INS 296)
  • Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code (Malic acid)
  • JECFA Monograph (ADI not specified)

In a nutshell ​

Malic acid is a natural dicarboxylic acid that provides clean fruity sourness and adjusts acidity, safely metabolised.

Consumer Advice ​

Malic acid occurs naturally in apples and other fruits and is responsible for their tart flavour. As an acidity regulator it is used in drinks, confectionery and jellies to give a clean, refreshing sourness. L-malic acid is the natural form; DL-malic acid is a synthetic mixture that international bodies consider safe at authorised levels. A small number of people may feel mild digestive discomfort from large amounts of synthetic acidulants, so moderation is sensible.

Dietary Restrictions ​

  • Vegan: ✅
  • Halal: ✅
  • Kosher: ✅

Allergens ​

✅ Free from common allergens

Disclaimer ​

The information provided here is for discussion and educational purposes only. It is not medical advice or an evaluation/rating of any product or ingredient. This information may not apply to you; before using or taking any action, you should contact the manufacturer, vendor, medical, dietary, fitness, or other professionals. If you use any information provided here, you do so at your own risk.